# grep VERSION= /etc/os-release
VERSION="22.04.5 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"
22.04 is jammy, you tried to install the noble package 
A quick bash one-liner (you only need to adapt the checkmk version number everytime you download an updated version):
vers=2.3.0p16; filename=check-mk-raw-${vers}_0.$(lsb_release -sc)_$(dpkg --print-architecture).deb; wget https://download.checkmk.com/checkmk/$vers/$filename && apt install ./$filename