REST API to fetch the server data

The actual 2.0 has a REST API to fetch different things. It is mostly for configuration handling.

To process monitoring data it is better to use the existing livestatus connection.
Here Retrieving and processing status data via an API and Command reference for Livestatus you can find the livestatus reference with all the tables.
Or you query single views in a machine readable way (json/python format) as described here.
Views and their possibilities in detail